Characteristics of Carbon Fiber Composite Materials

(1) Low density (approximately 1.7 g/cm³): It is the lightest material among high-temperature-resistant structures. It exhibits excellent high-temperature strength, retaining its room-temperature strength even at 2200°C. It also possesses high fracture toughness, fatigue resistance, and creep resistance. Moreover, its tensile strength and elastic modulus are superior to those of conventional carbon materials. Fiber orientation significantly influences the material's strength. Under stress, the stress-strain curve demonstrates a "pseudo-plastic effect," meaning that the initial loading phase shows a linear relationship, which later transitions into a bilinear relationship. After unloading and reloading, the curve remains linear and can return to the original load level.

(2) Low thermal expansion coefficient, high specific heat capacity, enabling the storage of substantial thermal energy, low thermal conductivity, and outstanding resistance to thermal shock and thermal friction.

(3) Excellent ablation resistance. Ablation refers to the surface loss of solid materials caused by thermochemical and mechanical processes under heat flux. By ablating the surface material, a significant amount of heat is dissipated, preventing heat from penetrating the material's interior. C-C material is a sublimation-radiation type material.